Issue 3 (13) 2011

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRINCIPLES OF CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS BEFORE AND AFTER THE TRIAL

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRINCIPLES OF CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS BEFORE AND AFTER THE TRIAL

S.S. Bezrukov

Perm branch of the Nizhny Novgorod Academy of the Russian Interior Ministry
100, Acad. Vedeneeva st., Perm, 614038
E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

It is considered that the principles of criminal procedure apply in nearly all of its stages. According to this criterion, it is proposed to distinguish between principles and less important provisions that can not relate to them. However, sequential analysis of criminal procedure relations developing on various stages of criminal proceedings, forces the author to question the correctness of the criterion proposed in science, because most of the principles of criminal justice designated by a legislator simply are not able to influence all stages of criminal proceedings.

In Chapter 2 of the Code can be identified only a few provisions of the universal nature, which are used in all stages of the process. These may include: rule of law, the right to appeal procedural actions and decisions, as well as provisions to ensure implementation of human and civil rights in criminal proceedings. But the basic principles of criminal justice is not addressed all stages of criminal proceedings and is able to influence, in the first place, the trial stage of the proceedings, in part – to the stage of preliminary investigation.

Thus, the stage of laying an action of criminal case do not apply the principles of presumption of innocence and the competitiveness of the parties, because there are no suspect (accused) is not formed by hand, not worded accusation. In the preliminary inquiry stage, where there is no neutral arbiter – the court, the competitiveness of the parties principle is implemented only partially, due to certain privileges granted by the defense. The action of the presumption of innocence begins after the figures suspect (accused) and is associated with the beginning of criminal prosecution.

The full principles of criminal procedure implemented in the trial stage, when deciding the innocence or guilt of the defendant to the crime. After the verdict into force of the principles will be greatly limited. Stage of enforcement, for example, does not involve further criminal investigation or review of judicial decisions. And in the stages of appeal, appeal or review proceedings, where the verification of the legality, validity and fairness of court decisions before and after their entry into force, the principles of the process can not be implemented in full.

 Keywords: criminal justice; principles of criminal proceedings; stages of criminal process; the implementation of the principles of criminal justice

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