Issue 4 (14) 2011

22 LEGISLATIVE CONSTRUCTIONS OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFICULT CRIMES

LEGISLATIVE CONSTRUCTIONS OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFICULT CRIMES

P.J. Predein

Ural State Legal Academy
21, Komsomolskaya st., Ekaterinburg, 620137

Kurgan State University
25, Gogol st., Kurgan, 640669

E-mail: : This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Problems of definition, classification and qualification of difficult crimes are caused because there are various approaches in the legal literature to this question. In our opinion, for unification (uniform, identical) understanding of this legal phenomenon it is necessary to consider a difficult crime by means of its legal construction.

The legal construction is mean of law-creative technic, consisting in modeling, logic construction of a standard material, simultaneously it acts as a method of knowledge and interpretation of norm of the right. All legal constructions are divided into standard (legislative, fixed in the law), and theoretical (scientific).

The disposition of criminally- legislative norm isn't a legislative construction of a crime because it describes only objective signs of a crime structure. The structure of a crime also isn't a legislative construction of a crime, since, first, it isn't fixed in the law, secondly, there are cases where one crime contains some structures of crimes. But it is impossible, because one legislative construction corresponds to one crime. Criminally - legislative norm also isn't a legislative construction, as it is only the rule of behavior. Proceeding from the aforesaid, it is necessary to recognize that the legal construction of a crime is a certain symbiosis of a crime structure and criminally - legislative norm.

Definition of concept of an individual crime can look as follows: crime is the act containing minimum necessary signs of a crime structure provided by the Criminal code of the Russian Federation. The minimum necessary signs of a crime structure are a presence of obligatory signs of each of its elements, no more and no less.

If there is at least one facultative (additional) sign of the crime structure, having criminally-legal value, or one of its elements is multi-purpose, the crime is admitted as difficult. Hence, difficult crime is the act containing all signs of a crime structure, provided by the Criminal code of the Russian Federation.

The basis of classification of a difficult crime is features of their legislative construction. Crimes concern the given kinds of a difficult crime with several objects, crimes with several subjects, crimes with several actions, a crime with alternative signs, crimes with additional uncertain heavy consequences. Each of the given kinds can be classified more detailed.

Keywords: a legal construction; a legislative construction of a crime; crime structure; a difficult crime; classification of difficult crimes

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