Issue 4 (14) 2011

2 THE CONSTITUTIONAL REGULATION OF THE FREEDOM OF WORSHIP IN THE SOVIET STATE

THE CONSTITUTIONAL REGULATION OF THE FREEDOM OF WORSHIP IN THE SOVIET STATE

D.Y. Tumanov

Branch of the Kazan (Privolzhsky) Federal University in Naberezhnye Chelny
10А, Sjujumbike avenue, Naberezhnye Chelny, 423812
E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

The article is devoted to the development of the constitutional regulation of one of the basic personal rights – the right for the freedom of worship during the Soviet period of history of our domestic state. It is underlined that the orthodox belief admitted the Russian empire and dominating in the country taking priority. In church management operating by means of the most holy Synod, the emperor was considered as its Supreme defender and the observer. The most holy Synod from the date of the formation was the tool of political will of the secular power. With an establishment of the Soviet power of the relation between the state on the one hand, church and religion – with another, have changed essentially. Negative attitude of the communist party which was established from 1918 was proved. Monopoly for the political power in the country to religion that speaks incompatibility of basic principles of orthodox religion about nonresistance and tolerance with Bolshevist ideology about revolutionary, violent demolition of an old social system takes place. Fastening of the freedom of worship in the basic constitutional certificates of the Soviet state, since the Decree SNК RSFSR from January, 20th 1918 is characterized.« About the freedom of worship, church and religious societies », known also under the name the Decree «About branch of church from the state and school from church », and finishing acceptance on October, 1st 1990. The law of the USSR« About the freedom of worship and the religious organizations ». The basic directions of an antireligious policy of the Soviet power in which frameworks large-scale antireligious propagation has been developed are defined, in the Soviet antireligious literature constantly there were the numerous publications, called to convince the country population in necessity of repressive actions concerning clergy and believers that also took place. Negative consequences of an antireligious policy of the Soviet state in which result the ideological vacuum in consciousness of the wide broad masses, shown in days of reorganization in the form of loss of system of values and vital reference points was established.

Keywords: the religious organizations; a freedom of worship; a freedom of religion; communistic ideology; the constitutional regulation; antireligious propagation; atheism

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 Primechanie: NA RT – Nacional'nyjj Arkhiv Respubliki Tatarstan.