NATURAL OBLIGATIONS IN MODERN FOREIGN CIVIL LEGISLATION

M.O. Bykova

Kuban State University

149, Stavropolskay st., Krasnodar, 350040

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The article is devoted to the category of «natural obligation» in the civil law of foreign countries. The author considers the different ways fixing this legal structures in civil laws of different countries. The author speaks of moral obligation in civil law in France. The article examines the role of moral obligation in law enforcement, this institution is analyzed in judgments the Court of Cassation of France. The author analyzes the rules of the Civil Code of Germany, Austria, dedicated to the execution of moral duty as examples of natural obligations. In this article the definition and types of natural obligation in the rules of civil codes of Netherlands, Portugal, Argentina, Colombia, Philippines. The authors conclude that the role and importance of natural obligations in the civil law of foreign countries, a direct connection the natural obligations with morals. Experience with this design in other countries suggests that the trend of legislative regulation of the move from opposition to the natural obligations of civility to their treatment as full-fledged civil liabilities to the establishment of a special legal regime for specific applications in their relation recognizance, mortgage, penalties. Since the natural obligations are directly under the influence not only of civil rights, but also such social controls as moral, are supposed to be voluntary compliance, without any kind of coercion. The connection to the natural obligation with moral is reciprocal. The essential importance educative function of the natural obligations. It is to form the subjects of civil law moral attitudes towards the need for voluntary compliance with the assumed obligations. The rule of law encourages parties to civil to ensure that the will of the participants was performed. A goal of the established relations was implemented, including moral. Of significance here is the motive, is laid in the civil law regulation, which consists in the correct orientation to moral behavior.

Keywords: civil law; civil legislation; obligation; natural obligations; civil doctrine

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