|
Perm University Herald. Juridical Sciences. 2021. Issue 3 (53) |
||||||||||
| Title: | A PROPOSAL ON REFORMATION OF THE ELECTION SYSTEM OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION |
|||||||||
| Authors: |
D. M. Khudoley, Perm State University |
 |
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
|
|||||||
| ORCID: | 0000-0001-5870-1537 |
ResearcherID: | E-3184-2016 |
|||||||
| Articles of «Scopus» & «Web of Science»: | DOI: 10.17072/1995-4190-2015-2-18-28 DOI:10.17072/1995-4190-2016-33-258-267 |
|||||||||
|
K. M. Khudoley, Perm State University |
|
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. | ||||||||
| ORCID: | 0000-0003-1805-0674 |
ResearcherID: | E-3186-2016 |
|||||||
| Articles of «Scopus» & «Web of Science»: | DOI: 10.17072/1995-4190-2015-2-29-40 DOI: 10.17072/1995-4190-2016-34-391-401 |
|||||||||
| Requisites: | Khudoley D. M., Khudoley K. M. Predlozhenie po reformirovaniyu izbiratel'noy sistemy Rossiyskoy Federatsii [A Proposal on the Reformation of the Electoral System of the Russian Federation]. Vestnik Permskogo universiteta. Juridicheskie nauki – Perm University Herald. Juridical Sciences. 2021. Issue 53. Pp. 562–601. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.17072/1995-4190-2021-53-562-601 |
|||||||||
| DOI: | 10.17072/1995-4190-2021-53-562-601 |
|||||||||
| Annotation: |
Introduction: the article analyzes the extent to which electoral systems meet different (mathematical and judicial) evaluation criteria. Purpose: to identify the fairest algorithm for mandate distribution when electing deputies and officials. Methods: apart from general scientific methods, we extensively used special scientific methods including comparative legal and systematic ones. Results: we have defined the range of mathematical criteria (the absolute majority rule, the Condorcet paradox, the principle of proportional representation of the parties, etc.) and legal criteria (the provisions of the principles of equal, free, and fair election). Preferential voting systems have been found to meet mathematical and judicial criteria most of all. A number of preferential voting systems meet the Condorcet paradox and ensure proportional representation of the parties. During such an election, free and equal participation of independent and party candidates is ensured. Many other systems of majoritarian, proportional, and mixed types do not meet the abovementioned criteria. Unfortunately, in particular cases the Condorcet paradox does not allow determining the candidate to be elected. Consequently, we suggest combining the algorithms developed by Tideman, Kemeny, Young, and Schulze in order to find the ‘strongest path’, or the most reliable way of determining the candidates’ positions in the election. Conclusions: the preferential voting system developed by us is universal and can be used while electing both officers (the president, the governor) and deputies. If it was implemented, electoral legislation would be standardized, as well as the operation of election committees. Such a unification would allow improving the level of citizens' electoral rights protection. |
|||||||||
| Keywords: | electoral law; principles of electoral law; electoral system; majoritarian electoral systems; proportional electoral systems; mixed electoral systems; semi-proportional electoral systems | |||||||||
 |
download the full-version article | |||||||||
| References: | 1. Belov S. A. Sistemnoe pravovoe regulirovanie izbiratel'noy sistemy [System Legal Regulation of the Electoral System]. Rossiyskiy yuridicheskiy zhurnal – Russian Juridical Journal. 2011. Issue 1. Pp. 88–100. (In Russ.). 2. Berlyavskiy L. G. Sravnitel'noe izbiratel'noe pravo [Comparative Suffrage]. Moscow, 2013. 240 p. (In Russ.). 3. Vol'skiy V. I. Protsedury golosovaniya v malykh gruppakh s drevneyshikh vremen do nachala XX veka [Voting Procedures in Small Groups from Ancient Times to the Beginning of the 20th Century]. Moscow, 2014. 76 p. (In Russ.). 4. Vol'skiy V. I., Karpov A. V. Primenenie razlichnykh variantov pravila peredachi golosov [Application of Various Versions of the Rule of Vote Transfer]. Politiya – Politeia. 2011. Issue 2. Pp. 162–174. (In Russ.). 5. Demina N. Metod markiza Kondorse ili svetlyy put' spaseniya demokratii [The Marquis de Condorcet Method, or the Bright Way of Rescuing the Democracy]. Available at: https://polit.ru/ar-ticle/2010/05/21/maskin_condorcet. (In Russ.). 6. Zarubezhnoe izbiratel'noe pravo: ucheb. posobie [Foreign Suffrage: Textbook]. Ed. by V. V. Maklakov. Moscow, 2003. 288 p. (In Russ.). 7. Ivanchenko A. A., Kynev A. V., Lyuba-rev A. E. Proportsional'naya izbiratel'naya sistema v Rossii: Istoriya, sovremennoe sostoyanie, perspektivy [Proportional Electoral System in Russia: History, Current State, Prospects]. Moscow, 2005. 333 p. (In Russ.). 8. Karpov A. V. Izmerenie predstavitel'-nos¬ti parlamenta v sistemakh proportsional'nogo predstavitel'stva [Measuring the Parliament Representativeness in Systems of Proportional Representation]. Moscow, 2006. 40 p. (In Russ.). 9. Konstitutsionnoe (gosudarstvennoe) pravo zarubezhnykh stran: Chast' obshhaya [Constitutional (State) Law of Foreign Countries: General Part]. Ed. by B. A. Strashun. Moscow, 2000. Vol. 1–2. 784 p. (In Russ.). 10. Lakeman E., Lambert J. D. Issledovanie mazhoritarnoy i proportsional'noy izbiratel'nykh sistem [A Study of Majority and Proportional Electoral Systems]. Moscow, 1958. 366 p. (In Russ.). 11. Lyubarev A. E. Izbiratel'nye sistemy: Rossiyskiy i mirovoy opyt [Electoral Systems: Russian and World Experience]. Moscow, 2016. 632 p. (In Russ.). 12. Lyubarev A. E. Proportsional'naya i smeshannaya izbiratel'naya sistemy na regional'nykh i munitsipal'nykh vyborakh v Rossiyskoy Federatsii: problemy «sfabrikovannogo bol'shin¬stva» [The Proportional and Mixed Election Systems in Regional and Municipal Elections in the Russian Federation: Problems of the 'Fabricated Majority']. NB: Voprosy prava i politiki – NB: Matters of Law and Politics. 2013. Issue 8. Pp. 65–118. (In Russ.). 13. Sravnitel'noe konstitutsionnoe pravo: ucheb. posobie [Comparative Constitutional Law: Textbook]. Ed. by V. E. Chirkin. Moscow, 2002. 448 p. (In Russ.). 14. Taagepera R., Shugart M. S. Opisanie izbiratel'nykh sistem [Description of Electoral Systems]. POLIS. Politicheskie issledovaniya – POLIS. Political Studies. 1997. Issue 3. Pp. 114–136. (In Russ.). 15. Arrow K. J. Social Choice and Individual Values. New York: Wiley, 1951. 124 p. (In Eng.). 16. Bartoldi J., Tovey C., Trick M. Voting Schemes for Which It Can Be Difficult to Tell Who Won the Election. Social Choice and Welfare. 2006. Vol. 2. Pp. 157–165. DOI: 10.1007/ BF00303169. (In Eng.). 17. Bawn K. The Logic of Institution Preferences: German Electoral Law as a Social Choice Outcome. American Journal of Political Science. 1993. Vol. 37. Issue 4. Pp. 965–989. DOI: 10.2307 /2111539. (In Eng.). 18. Benoit K. Hungary's Two–Vote' Electoral System. Representation. 1996. Vol. 33. Issue 4. Pp. 162–170. DOI: 10.1080/00344899608522977. (In Eng.). 19. Electoral Laws and Their Political Consequences; ed. by B. Grofman, A. Lijphart. New York, 1986. 335 p. (In Eng.). 20. Gibbard A. Manipulation of Voting Schemes: A General Result. Econometrica. 1973. Vol. 41. Issue 4. Pp. 587–601. (In Eng.). 21. LeGrand R. Computational Aspects of Approval Voting and Declared-Strategy Voting. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publi-cation/263505649_Computational_Aspects_of_ Approval_Voting_and_Declared-Strategy_Voting. (In Eng.). 22. Lijphart A. The Political Consequences of Electoral Laws, 1945-1985. The American Political Science Review. 1990. Vol. 84. Issue 2. Pp. 481–496. DOI: 10.2307/1963530. (In Eng.). 23. May K. A Set of Independent Necessary and Sufficient Conditions for Simple Majority Decisions. Econometrica. 1952. Vol. 20. Issue 4. Pp. 680–684. (In Eng.). 24. McLean I. E. J. Nanson, Social Choice and Electoral Reform. Australian Journal of Political Science. 1996. Vol. 31. Issue 3. Pp. 369–385. DOI: 10.1080/10361149651102. (In Eng.). 25. Reilly B. Social Choice in the South Seas: Electoral Innovation and the Borda Count in the Pacific Islands Countries. Political Science Review. 2002. Vol. 23. Issue 4. Pp. 355–372. DOI: 10.1177/0192512102023004002. (In Eng.). 26. Reynolds A., Reilly B., Ellis A. Electoral System Design: The New International IDEA Handbook. Stockholm, 2008. 237 p. (In Eng.). 27. Shulze M. A New Monotonic, Clone-Independent, Reversal Symmetric, and Condorcet-Consistent Single-Winner Election Method. Social Choice and Welfare. 2011. Vol. 26. Pp. 267–303. (In Eng.). 28. Siavelis P. M. La Lógica Oculta de la Selección de Candidatos en las Elecciones Parlamentarias Chilenas. Estudios Públicos. 2005. Issue 98. Pp. 189–225. (In Span.). 29. Smith W. Descriptions of Voting Systems. Available at: http://www.9mail.de/m-schulze/vote¬desc.pdf. (In Eng.). 30. Taagepera R., Shugart M. S. Seats and Votes: The Effects and Determinants of Electoral Systems. Yale, 1989. 292 p. (In Eng.). 31. Tideman N. Collective Decisions and Voting: The Potential for Public Choice. Burlington, 2006. 337 p. (In Eng.). 32. Young H.P. Optimal Voting Rules. Journal of Economic Perspectives. 1995. Vol. 1. Pp. 51–64. (In Eng.). |
|||||||||
| Received: | 30.11.2020 | |||||||||
| Financing: |
--- |
|||||||||
The Perm State University
614068, Perm, street Bukireva, 15 (Faculty of Law), +7 (342) 2 396 275
vesturn@yandex.ru
ISSN 1995-4190 ISSN (eng.) 2618-8104
ISSN (online) 2658-7106
DOI 10.17072/1995-4190
614068, Perm, street Bukireva, 15 (Faculty of Law), +7 (342) 2 396 275
vesturn@yandex.ru
ISSN 1995-4190 ISSN (eng.) 2618-8104
ISSN (online) 2658-7106
DOI 10.17072/1995-4190
(с) Editorial board, 2010
The magazine is registered in Federal Agency of supervision in sphere of communication and mass communications.
The certificate on registration of mass media ПИ № ФС77-33087 from September, 5th, 2008
The certificate on reregistration of mass media ПИ № ФС77-53189 from Marth, 14th, 2013
The magazine is included in List ВАК and in the Russian index of scientific citing
The founder & Publisher: the State educational institution of the higher training
“The Perm State University”.
Publishing 4 times a year
The certificate on registration of mass media ПИ № ФС77-33087 from September, 5th, 2008
The certificate on reregistration of mass media ПИ № ФС77-53189 from Marth, 14th, 2013
The magazine is included in List ВАК and in the Russian index of scientific citing
The founder & Publisher: the State educational institution of the higher training
“The Perm State University”.
Publishing 4 times a year